Retropharyngeal - Paratracheal - Infrahyoid - Prelaryngeal - Pretrachealġ9 Base of skull Bifurcation of carotid or hyoid bone Inferior border of cricoid cartilage or omohyoid muscle clavicle > superficial (along external jugular vein) > deep (along internal jugular vein) > Prelaryngeal > Pretracheal > Paratracheal Medulla is made of trabeculae and medullary cords and sinuses and is echogenic (u/s)ĥ Right & left groups each divided into: horizontal (circular) and vertical The horizontal group include: > sub-mental > sub-mandibular > parotid > pre-auricular > post-auricular > occipital Cortex contains tightly packed lymphocytes and is hypoechoic (u/s). Generalized adenopathy should always prompt further clinical investigation.Ĥ Lymph node anatomy Normal lymph nodes are composed of a cortex and a medulla covered by a fibrous capsule Each lymph node contains a main artery that enters at the hilus and branches into multiple arterioles. In general, cervical, axillary lymph nodes greater than 1 cm and inguinal > 1.5 cm in diameter are considered to be abnormal. Localized adenopathy should prompt a search for an adjacent precipitating lesion. Generalized lymphadenopathy almost always indicates the presence of a significant systemic disease.ģ General principles Mostly diagnosed on the basis of a careful history and physical examination. "generalized" if lymph nodes are enlarged in two or more noncontiguous areas "localized" if only one area is involved. Presentation on theme: "Cervical lymphadeopthy"- Presentation transcript:Ģ Definition Lymphadenopathy refers to nodes that are abnormal in either size, consistency or number.
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